英语讲义(163)怎样使句子简练利落
我们可以从四方面着手：
一、消除多余的词语
每句话里的词藻或用语，如果对语意起不了作用就不要铺张，要给以铲除，因此（1）a-（7）a都嫌唠叨，要由（1）b-（7）b来取代：
（1）a. At this point of time
→b. Now
（2）a. Bring all this to a conclusion.
→b. Concluding this.
（3）a. Has a tendency to drop
→b. Can drop easily.
（4）a. On account of the fact that……
→b. As……/Since……
（5）a. Situated in the vicinity of……
→b. near……
（6）a. June was detemined in her mind to ……
→b. June was determind to ……/June decided to ……
（7）a. Here comes David, a person whom I idolise and for whom I have the greatest admiration.
→b. Here comes David,a person I idolise./Here comes my idol, David.
二、避免不必要的重复
重复重要的字眼是种修辞手段，但是不必要或无目的的重复，却使句子累赘不自然，因此（8）a-（12）a要改为（8）b-（12）b:
（8）a. Close proximity
→b. Proximity
（9）a. Cooperate together
→b. Cooperate/work together
（10）a. Most unique
→b. unique
（11）a. The patient in Ward 2 is a mentally ill man.
→b. The patient in Ward 2 is mentally ill.
（12）a. A good teacher helps each student to become a better student, both academically and mentally.
→b. A good teacher helps each student to grow. /develop academically and mentally.
三、简化句子结构
句子结构务必明确易解，如果出现不必要的迂回状况，便要纠正加以简化，而且尽量采用恰当的动词，臻达这目的；因此（13）a-（14）a要改为（13）b-（14）b:
（13）a. Rarely should a doctor give a patient an estimate of how many months or years he or she will live.
→b.Rarely should a doctor estimate/predict how long a patient will live.
（14）a. The manager is responsible for monitoring and balancing the annual budget for all expenses.
→b. The manager monitors and balances the annual budget.
四、将从句节缩为短语、短语简化为单词
英语从句和短语，特别是修饰性质者，可以简而略之，但语意不变，如（15）a和（16）a都可节缩为（15）b和（16）b:
（15）a. The oral approach,which is a method of language teaching,is effective for teaching oral communication.
→b. The oral approach, a method of language teaching, is effective for teaching oral communication.
（16）a. Janet's jacket, made of cotton, is too warm for hot weather here.
→b. Janet's cotton jacket, is too warm for hot weather
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